Descaling a Water Heater: How to Tackle the Task Yourself

A water heater is an essential appliance for comfortable living, providing a supply of hot water. However, during regular use, scale forms on the inner walls of the device — a hard deposit made up of mineral salts (including calcium and magnesium). This buildup reduces heating efficiency, increases energy consumption, and can eventually damage the appliance. That’s why regular descaling of the water heater is an important part of its maintenance.

Why does scale form and why is it dangerous?

When water is heated, hardness salts settle on the heating elements and tank walls. Scale not only reduces thermal conductivity but also places extra stress on the heating element (TEN). This results in the appliance working less efficiently, a higher risk of breakdown, and increased electricity bills. Therefore, descaling the heater is an essential preventative measure that also helps extend its service life.

Main methods for descaling a water heater at home

There are several proven methods for removing scale that can be done independently, without calling in professionals. The method you choose depends on the type of water heater and the degree of scale buildup.

Mechanical cleaning

This method involves physically removing scale using special tools.

Advantages of mechanical descaling at home include its effectiveness even against heavy buildup. However, it does require disassembling the water heater and careful handling to avoid damaging the internal surfaces.

Steps for mechanical descaling:

• Disconnect the heater from the power supply and shut off the water;

• Drain the remaining water from the tank;

• Unscrew the housing to access the heating element and inner walls;

• Use a scraper or brush to gently remove the scale;

• Clean the heating element with sandpaper or a wire brush — carefully, to avoid damaging it;

• Reassemble the heater and test it.

Mechanical descaling of an electric water heater is a reliable method to restore its performance without chemical agents.

Chemical cleaning

If mechanical cleaning is too time-consuming or complicated, you can use chemical solutions to dissolve the scale.

Chemical descaling allows for fast and efficient removal of hardness salts without fully disassembling the water heater. It’s important to choose products specifically designed for water heaters and that are safe for metal surfaces.

Procedure for chemical descaling:

• Turn off the heater and drain the water;

• Fill the tank with a cleaning solution following the manufacturer’s instructions;

• Let the solution sit inside the heater for 1–3 hours to dissolve the scale;

• Drain the used solution and rinse the tank several times with clean water;

• Turn the heater back on and check its operation.

Common chemical agents include citric acid, phosphoric acid, or sulfuric acid-based products. They are effective but must be used with caution.

Effective descaling with professional chemical solution: “Chistolain Antinakip” by MDM Group

If you’re looking for a ready-made, safe, and effective solution for removing scale from your water heater at home, consider the professional cleaner “Chistolain Antinakip” by MDM Group. This powerful acid-based cleaner contains citric and orthophosphoric acids along with a complexing agent, effectively dissolving even long-standing scale, rust, and limescale.

Main advantages of this product:

1. It has a gentle but highly active formula that safely cleans stainless steel, ceramics, plastic, porcelain, glass, and other materials;

2. It does not scratch or leave residue and rinses off easily with water;

3. It’s phosphate-free, making it more eco-friendly and safe for household use;

4. It is suitable not only for home use but also in medical, food, childcare, pharmaceutical, and other sensitive environments.

Before cleaning heating elements, make sure they are completely cool and that the heater is disconnected from the power supply. Wear rubber gloves and avoid contact of the product with skin or eyes.

Thanks to its professional-grade formulation and high efficiency, “Chistolain Antinakip” is an ideal solution for regular and deep descaling. It not only removes scale but also helps prevent its reformation with proper care.

Preventing scale buildup

To reduce the need for frequent cleaning, it’s important to follow preventive measures. We recommend the following:

• Use water softeners or filters to reduce hardness;

• Regularly inspect and clean the anode rod — it protects the tank from corrosion and scale buildup;

• Perform scheduled chemical cleaning at least once a year;

• Do not exceed the recommended water heating temperature (ideally up to 60°C) to slow down sediment formation.

These simple steps will significantly extend your water heater’s lifespan and maintain its energy efficiency.

Descaling your water heater is essential to keeping it functional and energy-efficient. At home, this can be done using mechanical or chemical methods, depending on the level of buildup and your skills. Don’t forget about regular prevention — it’s better to prevent scale than to fight its consequences.

By using proven techniques and quality cleaning products like Chistolain Antinakip, you’ll keep your water heater in excellent condition for many years.